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6/12/2023 0 Comments God of evil west africa![]() ![]() A Biblical and Christian theology has to be formulated and developed so as to address the traditional theology of mystical and impersonal powers.Ģ) What is the nature of this traditional belief in the mystical, mysterious powers and forces and its total influence and impact upon the total man in traditional Africa? How do we apply the Bible and the Gospel of Christ to the nature of this belief and to the nature of its impact or influence upon man in traditional Africa?ģ) What are the religious practices and behaviour that do accompany, support and reinforce (a) this belief and (b) feelings generated by this belief? How do we study and apply the Bible and the Gospel of Christ to all the various practices, attitudes, rituals, rites and ceremonies that traditional Africa has fundamentally developed from this belief? The application of the Bible and the Christian Gospel to this very religious belief must address it at its foundations and roots:ġ) What do traditional Africans feel about the pervasive and dominant presence of the mystical and mysterious powers and forces? The Bible and the Gospel of Christ must address this traditional religious core value and its dominant influence upon man in traditional Africa. The religious and social role and function of this belief must be thoroughly studied and understood. Christianity must recognise and study the theological basis of the traditional African belief in the existence of mystical and mysterious forces. This belief is very much reflected in the traditional religious practices and behaviour.Īs stated earlier, the belief in the impersonal (mystical) powers is dominant and pervasive among traditional Africans. The life of a traditional African with this belief in the impersonal powers is at the mercy of the benevolent or wicked users of the mystical powers at their disposal. The impersonal powers can be used for both good and evil. Mystical powers can be contagious by contact with objects carrying or mediating such powers. Mystical powers can be sent to specific destinations for an intended good or evil. Mystical and mysterious powers can be transmitted through certain object media or by pure spiritual means. Some specialists belief that mysterious powers imbedded in things or objects can be extracted for specific uses. The manifestation and the use of the impersonal powers are related to the practices of medicine men and women, diviners and seers who use natural objects, plants and animals for medicine, magic, charms and amulets. Some objects are said to be inherently more power induced or “imputed” than others, that is, they are more naturally endowed with powers than others are. The potency, efficacy and the durability of such “inhabited” impersonal powers varies from object to object. ![]() In African beliefs, the source of this impersonal or (mystical) mysterious power is not always known, but it is usually attributed to the activities of higher “mysterious” powers, whether personal or impersonal that either generates or deposits such powers in things or objects. ![]() This same power has been given various names, such as, mana, life force, vital force, life essence and dynamism. This impersonal power is what Edwin Smith called mysterium tremendum. The whole of creation, nature and all things and objects are consumed with this impersonal power. The belief in the impersonal (mystical) power is dominant and pervasive in traditional African religious thought. ![]() What is the influence and impact of this dominant religious belief in impersonal and mystical powers upon the whole of traditional African life? The Bible and Christian theology have to address this foundational and dominant influence and impact upon the traditional African life. Any meaningful and effective Christian approach to the traditional religions must begin from here.ġ. These foundational religious beliefs are essential to our theological interpretation and analysis of the traditional religions. There are four foundational religious beliefs in the traditional religions: (1) the belief in impersonal (mystical) power(s) (2) the belief in spirit beings (3) the belief in divinities/gods and (4) the belief in the Supreme Being. These are essential for any Christian spiritual inquiry and application in Africa.Īfrican traditional religious system has the following components: There are basic African religious foundations that need to be presented and defined. For this reason, the paper serves only as an introduction to the application of Christian spirituality in Africa. This background is essential to any application of Christian spirituality in Africa. The primary objective of this paper is to define the African traditional religious system as the basis of understanding Christian spiritual warfare within an African context. ![]() 6/12/2023 0 Comments Microsoft office 2011 mac trial![]() In many ways, what you actually pay for when you legally purchase a copy of Microsoft Office is the product key (sometimes referred to as a CD key or key code, or incorrectly as the serial number. ![]()
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Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, North Carolina Phone support is available from 5:00am PT to 5:00pm PT, Monday through Friday.La Crosse-Onalaska, Wisconsin-Minnesota.These are the markets that topped the rankings: Whereas last year’s list was peppered with warm coastal and Sun Belt cities, this year’s is all about the Great Lakes region and the Northeast. So, to give buyers an idea of where their money might go the furthest, the researchers took 300 of the nation’s largest metro areas and evaluated each on affordability, cost of living, local economy and crowdedness, among other metrics. Hawaii Alaska Florida South Carolina Georgia Alabama North Carolina Tennessee RI Rhode Island CT Connecticut MA Massachusetts Maine NH New Hampshire VT Vermont New York NJ New Jersey DE Delaware MD Maryland West Virginia Ohio Michigan Arizona Nevada Utah Colorado New Mexico South Dakota Iowa Indiana Illinois Minnesota Wisconsin Missouri Louisiana Virginia DC Washington DC Idaho California North Dakota Washington Oregon Montana Wyoming Nebraska Kansas Oklahoma Pennsylvania Kentucky Mississippi Arkansas Texas Get Started What the data saysĮven as a new Redfin report shows that average prices are down over 22% from this time last year, housing affordability is still near its lowest point ever. ![]() 6/12/2023 0 Comments Best ways to learn java![]() ![]() There’s commentary next to each concept that explains the theoretical basics with practical examples and pieces of real code. Learn Java Programming is a database of Java Core tutorials. 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This way, you can ensure you have grasped the core concepts of the lessons before moving on to more complex tasks. Before moving to the next learning level, a user will have to complete a series of challenges and practice problems. You can purchase a package of credits as well.Įncode is an app that teaches beginner developers Java programming, with the main focus on learning the basics of Android development. There’s a credit-based system - users have to complete challenges and quizzes to unlock premium content. Other than watching videos, developers can take quizzes, code from scratch in a built-in integrated development environment, and take on coding challenges. By watching professional developers solve problems in real-time and explaining every decision, you will be able to reason like a coder and progress faster.Įas圜oder offers a plethora of ways to test your skills and learn new programming concepts. Most available tools don’t offer such deep and comprehensible commentaries. To access all lessons and topics, consider paying $9/month for a premium subscription.Įasy Coder is an e-learning app that introduces video learning into programming education. Pricing: You can use the basic version of Enki to see how the app works. Thanks to a built-in dashboard, novice developers can track their progress in Java education. The app memorizes your curriculum preferences and creates a custom learning schedule. ![]() The in-app quizzes are short and fun to complete. While you’re expected to have the knowledge of basic tech terminology to use the app freely, the platform is beginner-friendly and thoroughly covers the basic topics of Java programming. Programming Hub offers three membership plans: $6.99/m - monthly subscription $14.59/m - quarterly subscription $41.99 - yearly subscription.Įnki is a go-to app for coding college students. Pricing: To access Pro content, you will need to pay for a premium subscription. The platform offers a built-in compiler and an integrated development environment to offer novice developers as much practical experience as possible. All the courses published here have video and visual commentary to make sure you understand the core concepts of Java on a high level.Īt the end of Programming Hub training, users will be able to design apps from scratch. While Sololearn is more of a community-based coding hub, Programming Hub is a purely learning-centered platform. There are four tabs: ‘Learn’, with free coding lessons, ‘Play’ - here, you can challenge other users in online battles, ‘Code’ - a built-in integrated development environment, ‘Discuss’ - a forum where developers share tips and answer questions. The interface is minimalistic and intuitive. All you have to do is to drag and drop pieces of code and complete quick assignments. The app is designed for people who have no coding skills. In case you have no coding experience, SoloLearn looks like a good place to start a professional journey. CodeGym is a low-commitment platform - studying for half an hour a day will be enough to notice tangible progress in a matter of weeks. Theoretical concepts are not treated too in-depth since developers mostly learn through hands-on experiences. There are over 600 Java programming lectures and more than 1200 quizzes that help developers test their skills. CodeGym is one of the most promising mobile Java courses on the market. ![]() 6/11/2023 0 Comments Minecraft serial key![]() ![]() Therefore, if you encounter difficulties, just submit a request by clicking the “Help” button at the top of the page. Our website provides 24/7 technical support. 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I have even tried wearing it without any eye cream underneath (thinking it might be the reason why my concealer creases so badly) and as a result it did not accentuate (otherwise inexistent) lines that much, but I don't want to skip on my skincare only because this formula is (frankly) pants and needs some serious improvement. Glossier Stretch Concealer 0.17 oz / 5 ml (Light) Package Information. The only time when it looks semi-nice on me is on those very rare flawless skin days, but other than that. ![]() Although I love the idea of minimal make-up and embracing your flaws, this concealer seems to highlight them (not hide them), almost to the point where I would rather wear no concealer at all. Choose from cosmetics, facial skin care, hair care, fragrance products and more from top brands. 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Find out if the Glossier Stretch Concealer is good for you Read reviews, see the full ingredient list and find out if the notable ingredients are good or. From bestselling skin care to make up must-haves. Once absorbed they might form unwanted complexes with proteins and they might promote the formation of evil free radicals. THE destination for the very best in beauty, we trawl the globe to create a curated Hall of Fame. Dabbing one finger into the pot and patting it over red spots or under-eye circles is all you need for. The main concern with nanoparticles is that they are so tiny that they are absorbed into the skin more than we want them (ideally sunscreen should remain on the surface of the skin). Glossiers Stretch Concealer makes our list for its effortless building properties. 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Glossier Stretch Concealer Reviews 2023 Beauty Face Face Makeup Foundations & Concealers Glossier Glossier Stretch Concealer Ask users who used the product 0/500 Ask a question You might also like. ![]() 6/11/2023 0 Comments Spanish chivalry code![]() ![]() Others have suggested that Chivalry's decline was due to the expulsion of the Muslims with the fall of Granada in 1492, or the centralization of political power under the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. Some historians have attributed the fall of Chivalry and Knightly Orders to Cervantes because he “smiled Spain’s chivalry away” with his satirical Don Quixote. The decline of knightly Orders in Spain is the subject of much debate. In this period of peace between the Orders and the Muslims of the peninsula: mercenaries were hired to replace and assist Knights in their fighting, Masters of the Orders were no longer religiously appointed, and civil war was waged between Christian Knights with conflicting loyalties. However the years that followed the death of Ferdinand III were relatively peaceful in Castile and the morale of the Orders was undermined. For instance, Ferdinand III of Castile’s reign facilitated the rise of more Spanish Orders because of the desire in the kingdom led by the king to crusade against the moors. The prominence of knightly orders in the political and military realms of the Christian kingdoms of the peninsula fluctuated with the crusader zeal of the kingdoms’ rulers however, their power was not exclusively tied to the Crusader Kings. In Calatrava, during the middle of the 12th century Castilian Knights established a fortress, which would later be abandoned due to the threat of Muslim attack, then again within fifty years a fort of the Order of Calatrava was then rebuilt and became a fortified monastic community. The early formation of the Orders of the peninsula was dangerous and unstable. In the 12th–13th century, most of the prominent Spanish Knightly orders were formed. However, in Spain the Christian knights and kingdoms were engaged with what was almost universally acknowledged as a foe to Christianity, and this common enemy had some role in uniting Christian kingdoms in the cause of the Crusades and Reconquista. In other Christian kingdoms the fighting was at least initially waged between Christians of different kingdoms, and as such was more debated and contested within Christian circles. The greatest foes of the Spanish Christian knight were, above all, Muslims who were not an imagined enemy, but one deeply entrenched in reality and not as distant as the infidel, or enemy, was for the knights of France or Germany. ![]() ![]() One determinate factor to the strong adoption of chivalric Orders, in Spain, is the Reconquista in which Christian Kingdoms attempted to expel Muslims from the peninsula. The Iberian Peninsula had multiple factors contributing to the strong chivalric ethos exemplified by Spanish Knights. Some scholars have suggested that the later Spanish Military Orders, like that at the fortress of Calatrava, pledged their loyalty primarily to their Kingdom, in this case Castile, but orders like the Templars or Hospitallers were more independent and not necessarily loyal to any kingdom consistently. But there seems to be a consensus that the knights had obligations to both and an overarching allegiance to the Church, as both were in direct contact with knights (and often royalty were themselves knights and Crusaders). Historians seem to be conflicted as to whether Knights in Spanish were directed more by Castilian and Catalan-Aragonese royalty or by the Papacy. In the context of the Reconquista, and the geographically close proximity of Christian and Muslim populations, the atmosphere for the development of Knightly Orders was ripe and in the subsequent centuries chivalry flourished in Spain to a greater extent than it did in other Christian states.Ĭhivalry in Medieval Spain cannot be understood outside of the context of the Military Orders of Knighthood. However, the instatement of chivalric knightly orders and the chivalric ideals and codes of conduct weren’t present on the Iberian Peninsula until almost the second century of the Reconquista. The Reconquista had begun under Alfonso II (791–842), and would last nearly 700 years as Christians attempted to suppress and push Muslims from the Iberian Peninsula. James himself was known and celebrated in Christianity as ‘the slayer of the Moors’ and the discovery of his body by Christians has been considered a possible igniting factor of the Reconquista. ![]() Chivalry, or chivalric codes of manners and proper military engagement, is believed to have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula during the 10th century CE, in the context of the Reconquista, when Frankish knights, who were willing to fight the Muslim invaders of Iberia prior to the Crusades, appeared to protect pilgrims flocking to the tomb of apostle James in Galicia. ![]() 6/11/2023 0 Comments Metin2 brothers![]() ![]() AKP revitalized the İstanbul’s symbolic power by attributing it as a “de facto” capital of Turkey. As a capital of Ottoman Empire and the biggest metropolitan city of Turkey, İstanbul has been the center of hegemonic wars on urban space each political group who hold the power has tried to redesign İstanbul throughout the Republican history. Istanbul, with its symbolic, geographic and economic significance, would be a compatible field to explain the transformation of Turkey’s national and state identity in the urban space. While the hegemony of Kemalist secularism has been strongly weakened the visibility of Islamists in the society and public life has increased in JDP era and a new form of state identity is created with the support of mass media, architectural designs, Islamic arts as well as discursive practices. Beginning from 1980s, rising with the identity politics in 1990s Islamic politics has consolidated its power under the rule of JDP since 2002. seculars, has existed throughout the Republican history. ![]() However, counter hegemonic attacks towards Kemalist policies which lays behind the two main political cleavages, modernists vs. (Re)naming and (re)construction by using specific symbols and modern architecture was operated by Kemalists not only to consolidate the new state identity but also to transform the society. The new Republic of 1923 used space-politics to create a Westernized, modern and secular nation-state by detaching the urban space from the traces of Ottoman past. Urban space is not a static but dynamic “lieux de memoire” (the sites of memory) which reproduces the past, constructs the “new” and reflects state-society relations. (Re)construction of urban space have been used as means of transforming the ideologies into a concrete form and consolidating the symbolic power of the state in the everyday life. This article explores the transformation of Turkey’s national and state identity under Justice and Development Party (JDP) rule in a spatial perspective by focusing on the counter hegemonic war on İstanbul’s panorama. ![]() |